睾丸扭转

对于大多数男孩来说，认真地谈论他们的私人部件可能有点尴尬。对于青少年的男孩，这个话题是严格的限制 - 特别是在他们的妈妈面前。但是，如果你有一个儿子，如果他有生殖器疼痛，特别是在他的阴囊或睾丸中，他都知道告诉你或医疗保健提供者很重要。

生殖器疼痛通常只不过是轻度，短暂的不适。但是，当它更痛苦时，它可能是由一个称为睾丸扭转的非常严重的病情引起的。睾丸扭转是医疗紧急情况通常需要立即手术来保存睾丸。

关于睾丸扭转

睾丸扭转（也称为睾丸扭转）发生在为睾丸流向睾丸旋转并且变得扭曲的精源帘线时，通常是由于损伤或医疗条件。这减少了睾丸的血液供应并导致突然，剧烈疼痛和肿胀。

Testicular torsion requires immediate surgery to fix.If it goes on too long, it can result in severe damage to the testicle and even its removal.

扭转可能发生在任何年龄的男性，包括新生儿和婴儿，但最常见的是10到25岁的孩子，最近经历青春期的青少年。

原因

Thescrotum在阴茎下面是皮肤的大袋。阴囊内部是两个testes, or testicles. Each testicle is connected to the rest of the body by a blood vessel called the精嘴.

睾丸扭转是当精帘线变扭，切断血液流到附着的睾丸。

大多数睾丸扭转病例都是遗传条件的麦子，称为钟罩畸形。通常，睾丸附着在阴囊上，但在该条件下，睾丸未连接，因此更有可能转动和扭曲阴囊内。

Testicular torsion also can happen after strenuous exercise, while someone is sleeping, or after an injury to the scrotum. Often, though, the exact cause isn’t known.

症状

If your son has sudden groin pain, get him to a hospital emergency room as soon as you can. Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency — when it happens, immediate surgery is needed to save the testicle.

因为手术可能是必要的，这对此很重要不是在寻求医疗服务之前，给一个睾丸疼痛的男孩吃或喝喝。

If your son has testicular torsion, he’ll feel a sudden, possibly severe pain in his scrotum and one of his testicles. The pain can get worse or ease a bit, but probably won’t go away completely.

其他症状：

• swelling, especially on one side of the scrotum
• 恶心和呕吐
• 腹痛
• 一个睾丸似乎嗨gher than the other

Sometimes, the spermatic cord can become twisted and then untwist itself without treatment. This is calledtorsion and detorsion，它可以使睾丸扭转更可能在未来再次发生。

If your son’s spermatic cord untwists and the pain goes away, it might be easy to dismiss the episode, but you should still call a doctor. Surgery can be done to secure the testicles and make testicular torsion unlikely to happen again.

Diagnosis

当你去医院时，医生会检查你儿子的阴囊，睾丸，腹部和腹股沟，并可以通过摩擦或捏住他的大腿内侧来测试他的反应。这通常会导致睾丸到合同，如果他有睾丸扭转可能不会发生。

The doctor also might do tests to see if the spermatic cord is twisted, including:

• 超声:High-frequency waves are used to make an image of the testicle and check blood flow.
• 尿检or blood tests:These can help determine whether symptoms are being caused by an infection instead of a torsion.

Sometimes, a doctor will have to perform surgery to make a diagnosis of testicular torsion. Other times, when the physical exam clearly points to a torsion, the doctor will perform emergency surgery without any other testing in order to save the testicle.

Saving a testicle becomes more difficult the longer the spermatic cord stays twisted. The degree of twisting (whether it’s one entire revolution or several) determines how quickly the testicle will become damaged. As a general rule:

• 在扭转开始的约4-6小时内，睾丸可以节省90％的时间
• 12小时后，这降至50％
• after 24 hours, the testicle can be saved only 10% of the time

治疗

睾丸扭转几乎总是需要手术来解决。在极少数情况下，医生可以通过物理操纵阴囊来解开精子帘线，但通常仍然需要手术来将一个或两个睾丸连接到阴囊中以防止扭转再次发生。

Most torsion surgeries are done on an outpatient basis (with no overnight hospital stay). If your son has a torsion, he’ll be given a painkiller and a general anesthetic that will make him unconscious for the procedure.

Surgery consists of making a small cut in the scrotum, untwisting the spermatic cord, and stitching the testicles to the inside of the scrotum to prevent future torsions. Afterward, your son will be taken to a recovery room to rest for an hour or two before he’s released.

在手术后，你的儿子需要避免艰苦的活动几周，如果他性活跃，他将需要避免所有性活动。与医生交谈，当您的儿子恢复正常活动时会安全。

Testicle Removal

如果扭转太长，医生将无法保存受影响的睾丸，并且必须在手术上删除，称为一个orchiectomy. Most boys who have a testicle removed but still have a viable testicle can father children later in life. However, many also opt for a prosthetic, or artificial, testicle a few months after surgery. This can help make some boys feel more comfortable about their appearance.

随着新生男孩，节省睾丸何时发生扭转。如果它在一个男孩出生之前，可能是不可能拯救睾丸。在这种情况下，医生可以在以后推荐手术以去除受影响的睾丸。如果一个男孩出生后出现扭转症状，医生可能会建议急诊手术来纠正睾丸。

不要忽视症状

Boys need to know that genital pain is serious and shouldn’t be ignored. Ignoring pain for too long or simply hoping it goes away can result in severe damage to the testicle and even its removal.

即使你的儿子在他的阴囊疼痛，也仍然需要告诉你或医生并检查出来。消失的扭转使他更有可能在未来拥有另一个。通过执行将睾丸固定到阴囊的简单外科手术，医生可以大大降低另一个扭转的风险。

If your son had a torsion that resulted in the loss of a testicle, it’s important to let him know that he can still lead a normal life, just like anyone else. The loss of one testicle won’t prevent a man from having normal sexual relations or fathering children.

审查：T. Ernesto Figueroa, MD
Date reviewed: July 2014