Sleepwalking

About Sleepwalking

睡前几小时，你发现你的小大厅看起来茫然和困惑吗？如果你有一个梦游的孩子，你并不孤单。看起来可能是杂乱的，但梦游在孩子们中很常见，大多数梦游者偶尔会这样做，而不是青少年的偶然。尽管如此，一些简单的步骤可以让您的年轻梦游人安全地进行攻击。

尽管它的名字，梦游（也称为Somnambulism）实际上涉及不仅仅是走路。梦游行为可以从无害（坐姿），潜在的危险（徘徊），到不合适的（甚至可能在里面打开壁橱门和小便）。然而，无论梦游剧集在梦游剧集中，他们都不太可能记得曾经做过它！

As we sleep, our brains pass through five stages of sleep — stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. Together, these stages make up a sleep cycle. One complete sleep cycle lasts about 90 to 100 minutes. So a person experiences about four or five sleep cycles during an average night’s sleep.

Sleepwalking most often occurs during the deeper sleep of stages 3 and 4. During these stages, it’s more difficult to wake someone up, and when awakened, a person may feel groggy and disoriented for a few minutes.

Kids tend to sleepwalk within an hour or two of falling asleep and may walk around for anywhere from a few seconds to 30 minutes.

梦游的原因

Sleepwalking is far more common in kids than in adults, as most sleepwalkers outgrow it by the early teen years. It may run in families, so if you or your partner are or were sleepwalkers, your child may be too.

可能带来梦游发作的其他因素包括：

• 缺乏睡眠或疲劳
• irregular sleep schedules
• illness or fever
• certain medications
• 压力（梦游很少由潜在的医疗，情绪或心理问题引起）

Behaviors During Sleepwalking

Of course, getting out of bed and walking around while still sleeping is the most obvious sleepwalking symptom. But young sleepwalkers may also:

• sleeptalk
• be hard to wake up
• 似乎茫然
• be clumsy
• not respond when spoken to
• 坐在床上，经历重复的动作，比如用他们的睡衣揉眼睛或亵渎

Also, sleepwalkers’ eyes are open, but they don’t see the same way they do when they’re awake and they often think they’re in different rooms of the house or different places altogether.

有时，这些其他条件可能伴随梦游：

• sleep apnea (brief pauses in breathing while sleeping)
• bedwetting (enuresis)
• night terrors

梦游有害吗？

Sleepwalking itself is not harmful. However, sleepwalking episodes can be hazardous since sleepwalking kids aren’t awake and may not realize what they’re doing, such as walking down stairs or opening windows.

梦游通常不是一个迹象，迹象表明某些东西是情感或心理上的错误。它不会造成任何情绪伤害。Sleepwalkers可能不会记住夜间漫步。

How to Keep a Sleepwalker Safe

Although sleepwalking isn’t dangerous by itself, it’s important to take precautions so that your sleepwalking child is less likely to fall down, run into something, walk out the front door, or drive (if your teen is a sleepwalker).

To help keep your sleepwalker out of harm’s way:

• Try not to wake a sleepwalker because this might scare your child. Instead, gently guide him or her back to bed.
• Lock the windows and doors, not just in your child’s bedroom but throughout your home, in case your young sleepwalker decides to wander. You may consider extra locks or child safety locks on doors. Keys should be kept out of reach for kids who are old enough to drive.
• 为防止跌倒，不要让你的梦游者睡在双层床上。
• 从孩子的床上取下锋利或可折叠的东西。
• 让危险物体远离触手可及。
• Remove obstacles from your child’s room and throughout your home to prevent a stumble. Especially eliminate clutter on the floor (i.e., in your child’s bedroom or playroom).
• Install safety gates outside your child’s room and/or at the top of any stairs.

Other Ways to Help a Sleepwalker

除非剧集是非常常规的，否则让孩子在白天困倦，或者涉及危险的行为，通常不需要治疗梦游。但是，如果梦游频繁，造成问题，或者您的孩子在青少年早期几年没有超过它，请与您的医生交谈。如果你担心别的东西可以继续，还要与你的医生交谈，就像回流or trouble breathing.

对于经常睡觉的孩子们，医生可能会建议一个被称为安排觉醒的治疗。这破坏了睡眠周期，以帮助停止睡眠。在极少数情况下，医生可以规定药物治疗以帮助睡眠。

Other ways to help minimize sleepwalking episodes:

• Have your child relax at bedtime by listening to soft music or relaxation tapes.
• Establish a regular sleep and nap schedule and stick to it — both nighttime and wake-up time.
• Make your child’s bedtime earlier. This can improve excessive sleepiness.
• Don’t let kids drink a lot in the evening and be sure they go to the bathroom before going to bed. (A full bladder can contribute to sleepwalking.)
• Avoid caffeine near bedtime.
• 确保您的孩子的卧室安静，舒适，有利于睡觉。当孩子们试图睡觉时，将噪音保持在最低限度（在睡前和留下）。

The next time you encounter your nighttime wanderer, don’t panic. Simply steer your child back to the safety and comfort of his or her bed.

审查：Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD
审查日期：2013年4月